My Best Travel

Tourism in Belgium

General information about Belgium

It is a country with a “federal monarchy” in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union, and it hosts the headquarters of the European Union, as well as many other major international organizations such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

On both sides of the cultural border between Germanic Europe and Latin, Belgium has two main languages: Dutch speakers (about 59%), most of them Flemish, and French speakers (about 41%), most of them Walloons, in addition to a small group of German speakers.

Culture and history in Belgium
Historically, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg were known as the Low Countries, which used to cover a somewhat larger area than the current Benelux group of states. Historically, Belgium was called “Latin Belgium” due to the accession of Belgium to one of the Roman provinces. From the end of the Middle Ages until the 17th century, it was a thriving center of commerce and culture. From the 16th century until the Belgian Revolution in 1830, when Belgium seceded from the Netherlands, and many battles took place between European powers on Belgian soil, which led to it being called the “battlefield in Europe”, a reputation strengthened by both world wars.

Belgium’s climate is temperate and belongs to the style of Western Europe, which is moderate marine in general, the winters are cold and the summers are moderate.

Despite its political and linguistic divisions, the region opposite Belgium today has seen the flourishing of major artistic movements that had a tremendous impact on European art and culture. Nowadays, to some extent, cultural life is concentrated within each language community, and a variety of barriers have made the common cultural sphere less clear.

Since 1970, there are no bilingual universities or colleges in the country with the exception of the Royal Military Academy and Antwerp Maritime Academy, neither the joint media nor one large cultural or scientific institution in which each of the major denominations is represented.

Tourist areas in Belgium
Mons
The capital of the province of Limburg, Mons is best known for its magical and surprising ringing tones with the town’s glorious bell tower bells, which we salute from 80 meters (270 feet) into the tower. The winding streets allow visitors to easily cross the city’s sites, which are a rich mixture of architectural styles. The Gothic style of Mons is striking, with the Collegiate Church of St. Waudru boasting a very impressive 16th century collection with alabaster statues.

Dinant
This city is located along the Meuse River, 65 kilometers (40 miles) from the southern capital. The Han Caves and Dinant Cave are natural attractions that bring visitors to them. These caves are among the largest and most beautiful places located within the wildlife reserve, which is teeming in Europe with indigenous plants and animals.

Tournai
Tournai is adjacent to France, and an excellent place to get away from the hustle and bustle of Belgium’s largest city. There are more than 2000 years of rich cultural history that can be explored in the city, and this city is one of the most beautiful home of churches in the world – the Gothic and Roman Cathedral of Notre Dame. Constructed in the 12th and 13th centuries.

Arden
You can enjoy hiking, cycling and camping, and visitors head to Belgium to go to the rugged hills in the Ardennes, with forests, caves and cliffs. The Ardennes is also famous for being home to deer and lynx, many castles and a number of other notable attractions.

She sang
Ghent is the city of history. During the Middle Ages, it was one of the richest and most powerful cities in Europe. It is the second largest city in the northern Alps, after Paris. The traces of this rich past can be clearly seen when looking at the architecture of the churches, homes of wealthy merchants, the great cathedrals of the Middle Ages and Gravensteen Castle.

Bruges
It’s easy to get past Bruges and is home to glorious medieval architecture, especially on the south side of the city’s main axis, the Grote Market Square. Escort is on the west side, and visitors can also enjoy a Neo-Gothic style amidst the courthouse.

Tourism in Latvia

Tourist places in Latvia

General information about Latvia

It is a country located in the Baltic Sea region in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia (the length of the border is 343 km), to the south by Lithuania (588 km), to the east by the Russian Federation (276 km) and to the southeast by Belarus (141 km), and it shares a maritime border to the west with Sweden.

It is one of the least populated and densely populated countries in the European Union. The capital of Latvia is Riga, and the Latvian language is the official language and its currency is Lats. On January 1, 2014, it was replaced by the euro. The country has a moderate seasonal climate.
The Latvian people are Baltic and culturally related to Estonians and Lithuanians. Latvians are the indigenous people of Latvia along with the Levans of the Finno-Ugric ethnicity.

Culture and history in Latvia
In terms of geography, land and population, Latvia is the center between the three Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Latvia shares its history with Estonia during the periods of German, Polish-Lithuanian, Swedish, Russian, Nazi-German, and Soviet rule, Christianization in the thirteenth century, and the Protestant Reformation in the sixteenth century. Both countries are home to a large number of ethnic Russians (27.4% in Latvia and 26% in Estonia) some of them are non-citizens. The history of Latvia is predominantly Protestant, with the exception of the Latgalia region in the southeast of the country, which has a predominantly Catholic history.

The name Latvia comes from the ancient Latgalians, who are one of the Indo-European Baltic tribes, which together with the Coronians, Selonians and Simeigal tribes formed the ethnic core of the Latvian people today.

Around the beginning of the third millennium BC, the Proto-Baltic ancestors of the Latvian people settled the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea.

Latvia is famous for folklore, especially folk songs dating back about 1000 years, which were distinguished by more than 1.2 million texts and 30,000 folk melodies.

Tourist areas of Latvia
The ancient city of Riga
It includes cobbled streets and medieval buildings there. When you open your arms in Rosina, the narrowest street in Riga, you can touch opposite walls together, and you can also eat local traditional meals in one of the famous restaurants.

The city of Kuldega
This city is located on the banks of the River Venta, 155 kilometers from the capital, Riga. It dates back to the Middle Ages and is ideal for a romantic break, or for hiking, cycling, horses, fishing or taking a boat out for walks.

Rondal Palace and Museum
It is located in the fertile plains of southern Latvia. The interior “decorations” date back to the period between 1765 and 1768 and are the creativity of the German sculptor Johan Michael Graf, the Italian painters Francesco Martini and Carlo Zuchi. The building includes art galleries, fine arts and historical galleries, and the palace hosts a festival. Music and classical music concerts, and the place can be visited daily from ten in the morning until six thirty in the evening.

Guaja National Park
It is the oldest and largest national park in “Latvia” and the park is distinguished by its biological diversity, topography, natural springs and caves, as the park extends over more than 90 thousand hectares, so one day will not be enough to enjoy the magic of all parts of the place.

Tourism in Hungary

General information about Hungary

It is a confined European country located in the Carpathian Basin in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by Slovakia and the length of the border is about 515 km, Ukraine borders 103 km in the northeast, Romania borders 443 km to the east, and from the south Croatia borders 329 km from Serbia and Slovenia with 102 km, and Austria borders 336 km from the west.

Hungary or Hungary is a confined country that does not have an outlet to the sea, and is surrounded by land on all sides. The territory of Hungary covers an area of ​​93,030 km², and is affected by a continental climate, making it the 109th largest area in the world.

Buda Castle and Matthias Church, Budapest
Budapest Castle is a historical royal palace built in the 13th century when Hungary was invaded by the Mongols. The castle was destroyed but was later constructed in the 14th century and built in the Roman residential style. Later on, the castle replaced a mansion built in the design known as the Gothic style. The standing castle reflects the history and culture of the Hungarian people. And it is located in an attractive location on high ground of hills.

the Great Synagogue
The Great Synagogue on Dohani Street (also known as Dohani Street Synagogue) is the largest synagogue in Europe and the second largest in the world, with a capacity of 3,000 people. It was built between 1854 and 1859 This site is now part of the complex and home to the Jewish Museum.

During the war years, anti-Semitism grew rapidly in Hungary. A series of anti-Jewish policies passed, and fascist groups such as the “Arrow Cross Party” began to attract more followers. Hungary became an ally of Germany, and the Synagogue was damaged by the Arrow Cross party in 1939. During World War II, the Great Synagogue served as a residence and radio communication center for the Germans. Today, the complex serves as the main center of the Jewish community.

Parliament building in Hungary
This architectural masterpiece on Kossuth Square by Imre Steindl was designed in an exquisite Neo-Gothic style. Today, it is the largest building in Hungary and the second largest parliament building in Europe. The idea of ​​constructing a new Parliament building arose after the unification of Ubduda, Buda and Pest in 1873; It opened in 1896, on the 1000th anniversary of Hungary’s founding. Thanks to the use of the finest materials, the entire building is a piece of art. It is the home of the Sacred Crown, and the Royal Scepter. Parliament is open for visits, and tickets must be purchased from the on-site visitor center.

Fisherman’s Bastion
One of the most important things to do in Budapest is without a doubt visiting this landmark. The current watchtowers were built in the 19th century as watchtowers for the best panoramic views of Budapest. With a view of the Danube,

One of the most visited attractions in Budapest, it was built between 1895 and 1902. The purpose of the building was part of a group of developments that celebrated the thousandth birthday of the Hungarian state.

It includes seven towers. Each of these signs represents one of the seven Hungarian leaders who led their people to present-day Hungary to settle in the year 895. It is located in the middle of the statue of Saint Stephen, the first Hungarian king to rule in that city. In short, Bastion is a historical monument to the Millennium King.

The City Park
It is one of the most beautiful parks in Hungary and it is a public park close to the center of Budapest, Hungary. It has an area of ​​302 acres, and is located in the 14th district of Budapest. Its main entrance is in Heroes’ Square, one of Hungary’s World Heritage Sites.

Vajdahunyad Castle
One of the historic castles in Budapest, Vajdahunyad Castle is located in the City Park next to the ski lake / rink. The castle was built in 1896 and is a testament to the architectural development of past centuries. Currently the castle is home to many festivals and concerts.

Tourism in Russia

Tourist places in Russia

Tourism in Russia, Red Square in Moscow

Information about tourism in Russia, which is growing thanks to the rich cultural heritage and wonderful natural diversity. In the traveler’s guide, we review Russia’s tourist attractions and details of the most important and largest tourist cities.

Officially known as the Russian Federation, it is a republican semi-presidential country in Northern Eurasia that includes 83 federated entities.

Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People’s Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea.

It also has a maritime border with Japan in the Sea of ​​Okhotsk and the United States via the Bering Strait.

Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering 1/8 of the world’s inhabited land area, with an area of ​​17,075,400 square kilometers (6,592,800 square miles).

Tourism in Russia
Russia extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, and covers nine time zones and includes a wide range of environments and terrain. It has the world’s largest reserves of mineral and energy resources and has the world’s largest reserves of forests and lakes, which contain nearly a quarter of the world’s fresh water.

Culture and history
The country’s history began with the emergence of the East Slavs as a recognized group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. In the ninth century AD, the Kievan Rus’ principality was established by the Frankish warriors, and Orthodox Christianity was adopted as a religion in 988 due to the influence of the Byzantine Empire, and that was the beginning of the blending of the Slavic and Byzantine cultures, which together formed the features of Russian culture for the next millennium.

Kievan Rus’ eventually fragmented into a number of small states, and most of the Russian lands fell into the hands of the Mongol invasion in 1223, and became subordinate to the Golden Horde. Later, the Duchy of Moscow gradually began to unify its neighboring emirates and succeeded in independence from the rule of the Golden Horde, and was able to inherit the political and cultural legacy of Kievan Rus.By the eighteenth century, the country expanded greatly through invasions, wars and exploration, to generate the Russian Empire, which became the third largest empire in history. Its influence extends from Poland in Europe to Alaska in North America.

At the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, Russian cuisine began to compete with the famous French cuisine in terms of its influence and popularity in Europe. Some authentic Russian food was included in the menus of restaurants all over the world, and perhaps the most famous one was Studien, Shi.

Tourist areas of Russia
Russian Federation, Eurasian Mosaic. It has plenty of beauty and charm, and an important historical and strategic position meets in Russia, where the most beautiful architectural artifacts reside, which attract millions of travelers every year. Learn about the most beautiful tourist cities in it

Moscow
In addition to being the capital of Russia, it is also the center of culture and politics of the country with a population of about 10,562,099 people. This city is famous for its huge Soviet buildings such as the Russian National Library and parks, in addition to tourist attractions, including Red Square or Red Square, the Kremlin and the Russian Historical Mystery.

Sochi
The city of Sochi is located in southern Russia and attracts a large number of tourists, as it combines beaches, picturesque nature, archaeological museums, and others. Its climate is temperate throughout the year and is famous for its spas, gardens and parks, so a must-visit is the Riviera Park, the Godlec Castle and the Temple of Lou.

Novgorod
It is located at the confluence of the Volga and Oka rivers and has an area of ​​more than 410 square kilometers. It is 400 km from the capital, Moscow, and has historical and architectural landmarks, and you can take a boat trip on the Volkhov River to enjoy stunning views.

Saint Petersburg
It is located northwest of Russia, formerly known as Leningrad, and is the second largest Russian city. It has a population of 5,191,690 people and combines buildings, museums and waterways, making it similar to Venice in Italy. Also, the most important performances of opera and ballet are held in it. When you travel to this city, we recommend you to visit the Hermitage Museum, which contains the most important paintings in the world, the Peter and Paul Fortress, and the Russian Museum.

Kazan
This city is located at the confluence of the Volga and Kazanka rivers in European Russia and is known as the sports capital of Russia. There are many tourist attractions, including the Qul Sherif Mosque, being the capital of Chechnya and the Leaning Tower.

Tourism in the Netherlands

Tourist places in the Netherlands

General information about the Netherlands

Officially, it consists of a European part that includes twelve provinces, located northwest of Europe, and a Caribbean part consisting of three islands in the Caribbean Sea in Latin America.

The European part is bordered by the North Sea from the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and it shares maritime borders with Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom.

The system of government in the Netherlands is parliamentary democracy, and its official capital is Amsterdam, while the seat of the king and the government are located in The Hague.

The port of Rotterdam is the largest port in Europe – the size of the next three ports combined.

Culture and history of the Netherlands
The Netherlands has given birth to some of the greatest painters in the world. The seventeenth century AD – the golden age of the country – was the era of great artists such as Rembrandt, Johannes Vermeer, Jan Steen and others. And most European artists at that time painted for churches, nobles or members of royal families only, but Dutch painters painted paintings of people, including the public and ordinary things, including the silent nature.

The Netherlands experienced a scientific and cultural renaissance in the seventeenth century, whose most important pioneers in literature were Joost van den Vondel and BC Hooft. In the nineteenth century AD Multatoli wrote his book on the mistreatment of the population in the Dutch colonies. Among the most important writers of the twentieth century are Harry Molisch, Jan Volkers, Simon Fisdek, and Anne Frank, and her famous book, “Memoirs of a Little Girl,” which was published after her death in the Holocaust and has been translated into most of the major languages ​​of the world.

To introduce Dutch culture and its global role, miniature models of some Dutch buildings were erected in the Huis Ten Bosch theme park in Nagasaki, Japan, and a similar Dutch village was built in Shenyang, China, containing some cultural elements and landmarks that the Netherlands is famous for, such as windmills, tulips, Dutch domes, and cheese, Delphi porcelain.

Tourist areas in the Netherlands
Keukenhof Gardens

The beautiful Keukenhof Gardens are the largest flower gardens in Europe. Every spring, from mid-March to mid-May, the Keukenhof Gardens open their doors to reveal stunning landscapes of vibrant colors and floral scents. Due to the limited opening times of the Keukenhof gardens, tickets are in short supply. Tourists can, through prior reservation, obtain tickets to enter the park, which tells the story of the Netherlands with the historical tulip that dominated European markets in previous centuries.

Van Gogh Museum
It is an art museum dedicated to the works of Vincent Van Gogh and his contemporaries in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is located in Museum Square in the Amsterdam South district, close to the Stedelijk Museum, the Rijksmuseum, and the Concertgebouw. The museum opened on June 2, 1973. The museum houses the largest collection of works by Vincent Van Gogh – more than 200 paintings, 500 drawings and 700 of his letters.

Rijksmuseum
It is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history in Amsterdam. The museum is located in Museum Square in the south of the Amsterdam district, close to the Van Gogh Museum, Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, and the Concertgebouw. The Rijksmuseum is one of Amsterdam’s finest and most popular museums. Its extensive collection displays iconic art and a variety of artifacts that reflect more than 800 years of Dutch and world history.

Oude Kerk Church
Oude Kerk is the oldest building in Amsterdam and the oldest parish church, and was founded around 1213 and consecrated in 1306 by the Bishop of Utrecht with Saint Nicholas as its patron saint. After the reform in 1578 it became a Calvinist church, which is still in service today.

Dom Tower in Utrecht
At 112.5 meters, the Dom Tower in Utrecht is the tallest church tower in the Netherlands, and the Gothic-style tower is a symbol of the city. The tower was part of St. Martin’s Cathedral, also known as the Dom Church, and was built between 1321 and 1382.

De Haar Castle
De Haar Castle is the largest and most luxurious castle in the Netherlands and is one of the most famous and beautiful European historic homes. A visit there will take you to the glorious days of the castle on a journey through history and you will be able to see the amazing beauty and splendor of the life of the wealthy and the bourgeoisie in the early twentieth century.

Tourism in Belarus

Tourist places in Belarus

General information about Belarus

Most of the population of Belarus resides in the urban areas surrounding Minsk and other capital cities (regions) forming the country. More than 80% of the population is Belarusian, with significant minorities of Russians, Poles and Ukrainians. Since a referendum was held in 1995, the two official languages ​​of the country have become Belarusian and Russian.

The Constitution of Belarus does not declare the official religion even though the main religion in the country is Russian Orthodox Christianity. The second faith is Catholic Christianity, with a much smaller number of followers, but both Easter and Christmas are officially observed and considered public holidays.

Culture and history

Belarusian literature began with religious writings between the eleventh and thirteenth centuries, represented by Cyril’s Toravian poetry from the twelfth century. By the 16th century, Polotsk resident Francesk Skaryna translated the Bible into Belarusian. It was published in Prague and Vilnius between 1517 and 1525, making it the first book printed in Belarus or anywhere in Eastern Europe. The modern stage of Belarusian literature began in the late nineteenth century. One of the most important ones is Yanka Kupala. Several prominent Belarusian writers of the time, such as Oladzimir Zelka, Kazimir Svayak, Jakob Kolas, Jmitrok Piadula and Maxim Haritsky wrote for a Belarusian-language newspaper called Nasha Niva, published in Vilnius.

After Belarus was incorporated into the Soviet Union, the Soviet government took control of the republic’s cultural affairs. The free development of literature only in the territories fell under Polish control until the Soviets took control of it in 1939. Many poets and writers were exiled after the Nazi occupation of Belarus, and did not return until the 1960s. The last attempts to revive the past of Belarusian literature appeared in the 1960s through the novels of Vasil Bekav and Oladzimir Karatievich.

Tourist areas in Belarus
Mir Castle complex (Mirsky Zamuk)

The Mir Castle complex (Mirsky Zamuk) is an outstanding example of fortification art dating back to the 16th century. It is located in the town of Mir in the Grodno region of Belarus. The construction of this Gothic-style castle in Belarus began in 1520 by Duke Ilyench. Mykolai Radziwela Palace was built with three floors along the eastern and northern walls of the fortress which has forty rooms. The walls were built surrounded by a moat. And an artificial lake was created in the south.

Minsk
The capital of Belarus, it is a modern city dominated by monumental Stalinist architecture. Many of its museums, theaters, and other cultural attractions are located on Istiklal Street, this famous square is located in close proximity to the huge KGB headquarters and the Church of the New Roman Saints Simon and Helena, also known as the Red Church.
Close to Independence Square is the Museum of the Great Patriotic War, which commemorates the nation’s role in WWII, and the National Museum of Art, which displays hundreds of local artworks.

Grodno
It is a city in western Belarus, near the Polish and Lithuanian borders. On the banks of the Neman River, the city is characterized by its greenness and also contains the old castle, which was considered a palace of the Renaissance, which dates back to the eleventh century. Nearby, a new village was built in the 18th century as a royal residence. There is also another tourist attraction in the city, which is the steadfast Kloza church from the twelfth century, which is decorated with polished stones and terracotta tiles.

Tourism in Ukraine

Tourist places in Ukraine

It is the second largest country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by the Russian Federation to the east, Belarus to the north, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and the Sea of ​​Azov to the south.

Ukraine is a unitary state consisting of 24 oblasts (provinces), and two cities have a special status: Kiev, the capital, and Sevastopol, which includes the Russian Black Sea Fleet according to a lease agreement.

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Ukraine has had the second largest army in Europe, after Russia. 42.7 million people live in the country – after the country witnessed a separatist trend in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, and the people of the Crimea chose to join the Russian Federation Ukrainian language is the only official language in Ukraine, while Russian is widely used. The predominant religion in the country is Eastern Orthodox Christianity, which has greatly influenced Ukrainian architecture, literature and music.

Culture and history of Ukraine
Ukrainian traditions are greatly influenced by Christianity, which is the predominant religion in the country. The role of gender also tends to be more traditional, and grandparents play a greater role in raising children than in the West. Culture in Ukraine has also been influenced by its eastern and western neighbors, which is reflected in its architecture, music and art.
The communist era had a strong influence on art and writing in Ukraine. In 1932, Stalin introduced realist socialist state policy in the Soviet Union when he issued the Decree “Restructuring Literary and Artistic Organizations”. Which stifled creativity to a large extent. Glasnost (openness) emerged in the 1980s which allowed Soviet writers and artists to freely express themselves as they wanted.

Before traveling to Ukraine
Kiev is one of the most important tourist cities in Ukraine, and the airport there, which is Kiev International Airport, is the most important airport in which travelers arriving for tourism in Ukraine land.

Traveling to Ukraine requires obtaining a Ukrainian tourist visa (visa), and you can refer to the Ukrainian embassy in your country to request it, as the Ukraine visa enables you to stay in the country for a period not exceeding 90 days.

The official currency in Ukraine is Ukrainian hryvnia, and the official language is Ukrainian, followed by the Russian language. It is noticeable that the English language is commonly used among young people.

The cost of tourism in Ukraine is considered average, as Ukraine’s markets are characterized by cheapness, while you can search for places of economic accommodation with good services at the same time.

As for transportation, you can use public transportation systems such as trains and buses, as in some cities there is a metro service and others depend on the tram and bus systems.

Best times to travel to Ukraine
The period from April to October is considered the best for visiting Ukraine, especially cities such as Odessa and its vicinity

Sufficient time for tourism in Ukraine
A week is sufficient for tourism in Ukraine and visiting the most important tourist attractions in Ukraine.

Reasons to experience tourism in Ukraine
The beautiful landscapes of the reasons will push you to travel and tourism in Ukraine
Low prices are one of the reasons that will push you to travel and tourism in Ukraine
Great food is one of the reasons that will prompt you to visit Ukraine
Historical and cultural sightseeing of Ukraine
The intelligent nature of the Ukrainian people
How Ukrainians choose their heroes and ideals
Buildings with a unique urban style in the cities of Ukraine
The story of the country itself will lead you to travel to Ukraine
Various activities that you can enjoy during your trip to Ukraine

Tourism in Estonia

General information about Estonia

It is a country located in the Baltic Sea region in northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, on the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Lake Peipus and the Russian Federation.

Officially called the Republic of Estonia, Estonia is named after the Roman writer Tacitus, as in his book Germania he described a group of people called Assiti, in the ancient Norse sagas, referring to a country called Acetland.

Estonia’s climate is influenced by its geographical location. It is located in the Mixed Forest, a sub-region of the Atlantic continental zone, which in turn belongs to the temperate regions. It is also located on a transitional zone between the influence of a coastal climate and a continental climate. [16] According to the climatic classification called the Köppen classification, the western part of Estonia falls within a coastal climate zone with mild winters, while the eastern part of the country is within the range of a continental and humid climate with severe winters.

Culture and history in Estonia

Human settlement in Estonia became possible about 11,000 to 13,000 years ago, when the ice from the last ice age melted. The oldest humane colonization of Estonia was the colonization of the Puli, which was on the banks of the Pärnu River, near the town of Sindy, in the southwest of Estonia. According to the Chronicle, decolonization took place about 11,000 years ago, at the beginning of the ninth millennium BC.
Evidence of hunting and fishing communities was found around 6500 BC near the town of Cunda in northern Estonia. Handicraft of bone and stone similar to those found in Cunda are also found elsewhere in Estonia, as well as in Latvia, northern Lithuania and southern Finland. The kunda culture belongs to the middle stone age.
The end of the Bronze Age and the beginning of the Iron Age were marked by major cultural changes. The biggest change that happened was the move to agriculture, which remained the core of culture and economy. Between the fifth and first centuries AD, home farming was widely established, the population increased and colonialism expanded. There were cultural influences of Estonia coming from the Roman Empire.

Estonia has been an important transit center since the medieval period. The country’s favorable geographical location, along with its developing infrastructure, provides good opportunities for all transportation and logistical related activities. Rail transport dominates the freight sector, carrying 70% of all goods, both domestic and international.
The road transport sector dominates the passenger transport, nearly 90% of all travelers travel by land. The rebuilding of the Tallinn-Tartu motorway has gained national attention as it connects two of the largest cities in the country. Reconstruction of highways (2 + 2 road) is part of the current coalition government program. Also the proposed permanent connection to Saaremaa Island is in the National Infrastructure Building Program. The costs of these projects have been estimated in billions of euros, which also gained a lot of media attention and caused public discussions about the viability.

Tourist areas in Estonia

Tallinn the capital

The city of Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, is located on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland, and is an industrial and cultural center for Estonia and a major seaport, in addition to its richness as a historic city, and its residents were subject to many rulers, the last of whom was the Russians.

In 1991 Estonia declared its independence and now appears to be the most converging Baltic country with Western civilization, and this city, which preserved its medieval identity, embraced capitalism, and restaurants, hotels and shops opened every day, and the heart of Tallinn lies in the city located within the walls, and it is interesting to see Watchtowers, fortifications, surviving shops from the Middle Ages, and churches behind the walls that surround them.

Tallinn has a maritime climate, with temperatures ranging from 50 to 80 degrees on the Fahrenheit scale from May to September, and in summer temperatures remain around 65 degrees on the same scale, and summer continues in June through August.

Tourism in Estonia 

One of the best ways to spend time in Tallinn is to explore the old city, which was once two separate cities belonging to the Middle Ages, separated from each other by a wall, and the first is called Dom Hill, which is the upper city, and it is the seat of the ruling authority, while the lower city is located in the old city square, and it was a residence for merchants And a center of trade, the two cities are linked by two narrow steep streets.

Estonia has the distinction of being a country of lakes and islands like the rest of the Baltic countries, in addition to forests, which qualifies it to be a promising tourist destination of its youth, as it gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, and it needs more development of infrastructure and hospitality services to attract tourists.

As for Tallinn, the capital, it is somewhat conservative compared to other European cities, and tourism is an important sector in this country, as it contributes about 15% of the country’s national income, in addition to food products, chemicals and wood products, where there are many forests.

Castles and History
Estonia, especially Tallinn, is famous for its many tourist attractions, the most prominent of which are historical castles and ancient churches, and the ancient area of ​​Tallinn is today one of the areas of human heritage that enjoys protection from UNESCO, and it is completely far from any change in its traditional old buildings made of cobalt stones Secret narrow staircases, and plenty of paths and paths that dazzle visitors at every corner.

You also find some workers practicing a lot of old traditional work, which does not stop the fun, but rather takes you to squares and other streets, parks and many landmarks left by the Soviet regime, especially in the north of the country.

Finmere
The Finmere region is located in the eastern part of the Baltic Sea in Estonia, b

Tourism in Bulgaria

Tourist places in Bulgaria

General information about Bulgaria

A country located in southeastern Europe bordering the Black Sea on its western side. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Turkey and Greece to the south, and the Republic of Serbia and Montenegro and the Republic of Macedonia to the west. With an area of ​​110,994 square meters.

Bulgaria occupies part of the eastern Balkan peninsula, bordering five countries, Greece and Turkey to the south, Macedonia and Serbia to the west, and Romania to the north.

The land border has a total length of 1,808 km (1,123 mi), and the coast is 354 km (220 mi). It has a total area of ​​110,994 square kilometers (42,855 square miles), ranked it as the 105th world – the abyss of the country. The geographical coordinates of Bulgaria are 43 ° N 25 ° E. [9]

The most notable topographical features are the Danube Plain and the Balkan Mountains, the Thracian Plain, and the Rhodope Mountains. On the southern edge of the Danube Plain slopes up to the foothills of the Balkan Mountains, while the Danube delineates the border with Romania. The Thracian Plain is almost triangular, starting from southeast Sofia and extending its reach to the Black Sea coast.

Culture and history

Traditional Bulgarian culture contains mainly Thracian, Slavic and Bulgarian heritage, along with Greek, Roman, Ottoman, Persian and Celtic a.

Bulgarian folk dances and musicians in traditional dress.
Bulgarian folk music is by far the most comprehensive traditional art, and it has developed slowly over the ages as a mixture of eastern and western influences. It contains the Far Eastern, Eastern, Medieval, Eastern Orthodox, standard, tonal, and Western European modes. The music has a distinctive sound and it uses a wide range of traditional instruments, such as a table, a ghida (bagpipe), a lock and a wan. One of the most distinctive features of stretching time is balanced, which has no parallel in the rest of European music. He won a Grammy Award in 1990. The written music composition in Bulgaria can be traced back to the early Middle Ages and the works of Ya Kokuzel (c. 1280-1360). . Bulgarian performances have gained popularity in many other genres such as progressive rock (FSB), electropop (Mira Arroyo) and jazz (Maalach Yifiv).

Sophia
It is the capital of the Balkan state in Bulgaria. It is located in the west of the country, under Vitosha Mountain. The city’s landmarks reflect more than 2,000 years of history, including the Greek, Roman, Ottoman and Soviet occupations. The Medieval Boyana Church has frescoes from the 13th century. The Church of St. George Rotunda by the Romans in the 4th century, features medieval décor and a estate dating back to the 10th century.

The Alexander Nevsky Cathedral in Sofia, with its bulbous dome and considered a national symbol, commemorates the Russian soldiers who were killed during the Russo-Turkish War in the 19th century. The floor of Saint Sophia’s Church was covered in early Christian mosaics. National Archaeological Museum (former mosque) houses a Thracian burial mask. The 19th-century Vrana Palace now houses museums of fine arts and ethnology. The huge 20th-century National Palace of Culture also organizes annual concerts and film festival. On Vitosha Mountain, Vitosha Nature Park is popular for hiking, mountain biking, summer stays in cottages and chalets, and skiing in the winter.

Plovdiv
It is an ancient city built around 7 hills, in southern Bulgaria. The regional archeology museum chronicles the history of the city, with exhibits including mosaic panels, pottery lamps, and early coins. The ancient theater in Phillips in the Roman era, in which about 6000 people sat, welcomes operas and concerts. A 3D movie in the old Emperor Hadrian’s stadium recreates Plovdiv in the 2nd century AD.
The old town includes buildings dating back to the 19th century, built in a distinctive style, with symmetrical designs and luxurious facades. Among them, the contemporary Balabanov House shows Bulgarian Art Nouveau contemporary. The Georgiadi House contains the Bulgarian National Revival Museum. The Regional Ethnographic Museum, with exhibits ranging from musical instruments and instruments, is occupied by Kuyumdzhiouglu House. Frescoes adorn the interior of the nine-domed mosque of Djumaya, which was rebuilt in the 15th century. Lake with Singing Fountains, which is the center of Tsar Simeon Park, features fountain shows with light and music effects.

Varna
It is a coastal city and seaside resort in the Black Sea in Bulgaria, next to the coastal resorts of Golden Sands, Saint Constantine and Albena. This city is famous for its “Varna gold,” a 6000-year-old Thracian jewelry discovered in a tomb, displayed inside the Archaeological Museum, along with Greek, Roman and Ottoman antiquities. There is a walkway facing the waterfront on the front end of the 19th-century village of Primorski Park.

Attractions at Primorski Park include Municipal Beach, Varna Aquarium, and performances at the Festa Dolphinarium. The nearby Maritime Museum contains the warship Drazky, famous for blowing up a Turkish cruiser in 1912. The central square is centered in Nezavisimost, in Varna’s historic district, and features Baroque, Art Deco and Neoclassical buildings as well as the Dormition of Theotokos, a Bulgarian Orthodox cathedral. A shrine with gilded copper domes, icons donated by Nicholas II of Russia. Varna Historical Museum also focuses ar

The historical development of the city, near the ruins of the Roman baths in the fourth century.

Rela
It is a mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria and the highest mountain range in Bulgaria and the Balkans, with its highest peak being Musala at an altitude of 2,925 meters. It is also the sixth highest mountain in Europe, after the Caucasus, the Alps, the Sierra Nevada, the Pyrenees and Mount Etna. More than a third of the mountain is occupied by Rila National Park, and the rest is located within the Rila Monaster Nature Park. The mountain is believed to have been named after the river of the same name, which comes from the old Bulgarian verb “рыти” which means “grub”. Rila is abundant in glacial lakes and hot springs in fault areas at the base of the mountain. Some of the longest and deepest rivers in the Balkans originate from Rila, including the Maritsa, Iscar and Mesta. Culturally, Rila is famous for the Rila Monastery, the largest and most important monastery in Bulgaria, which was founded by Saint John of Rila in the 10th century. Besides cultural attractions, the mountain is also famous for the Seven Rila Lakes.

Tourism in Denmark

Tourist places in Denmark

General information about Denmark

From Scandinavia to Northern Europe. It is located southwest of Sweden and southern Norway, and is bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark overlooks both the Baltic and North Seas.

The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland (Jutland) and many islands, most notably Zeeland, Vonn, Vändssel T (usually considered part of Jutland), Lüland, Falster and Bornholm as well as hundreds of smaller islands often referred to as the Danish archipelago. Denmark has long dominated the entrance to the Baltic Sea. Before the digging of the Kiel Canal, the waterway to the Baltic Sea was through three channels known as the Danish Straits.

Culture and history in Denmark
Copenhagen is home to many famous sites and a tourist attraction, including Tivoli Gardens, Amalienburg Palace (home of the Danish Royal Family), Christiansborg Palace, Copenhagen Cathedral, Rosenborg Castle, Opera House, Frederick Church (Marble Church), Museum Thorvaldsens, Rundtarn, Nyhavn and the Little Mermaid statue. Copenhagen was ranked the most liveable city in the world by Monocle magazine.

The second largest city in Denmark is Aarhus. Aarhus is an ancient Viking city and one of the oldest cities in the country. The city cathedral is the largest cathedral in Denmark and the second largest in Northern Europe.

Tourist areas in Denmark
Tivoli Gardens
One of the most famous tourist attractions in Europe, Tivoli Gardens was established in 1843, the park is distinguished by its wonderful views to display flowers, and it has become an important gardens for important social centers and a creative outlet for many theater groups, as well as many entertainment places, games, and shops And restaurants. This park hosts many seasonal festivals with huge crowds.

Bornholm
It is a picturesque Danish island known for fishing, and is characterized by arts, crafts and industry. Bornholm is located in the Baltic Sea, near the shores of Germany, Poland and Sweden from Denmark, which gives it a unique allure. Bornholm is a picturesque place to relax and be away from the hustle and bustle of the city. Tourists come to Bornholm to explore Almindingen, which is Denmark’s third largest forest.

Kronborg Castle
Most visitors visit Kronborg Castle, an important example of a Renaissance castle. Construction began in 1574 on the strategic extension that forms the border between Denmark and Sweden. It has become one of the most famous tourist attractions in Denmark.

Skagen beaches
Skagen’s beaches extend over 5,000 miles of coastline, for a fun and relaxing beach vacation. The beaches in Skagen are beautiful beaches. Also, it is noted that there are the largest moving sand dunes in Denmark, and a church was buried there completely because of the sand except for the church steeple that you can see.

Viking Ship Museum
The Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde has many visitors. To be included in the important landmarks of the visit, which holds interactive exhibitions that attract adults and children. Most visitors enjoy seeing the original Viking ships discovered at Roskilde.

Oresund Bridge
This remarkable engineering feat that crosses the Öresund Strait between Copenhagen and Malmö, Sweden. It extends up to 8 km (5 mi), to carry rail passengers and cars. Oresund opened in 2000 to accommodate approximately 17,000 daily vehicles. Visitors to Denmark use the bridge as a comfortable gateway to Sweden, while others prefer the experience of crossing the bridge.

Fredericksburg Castle
Fredericksburg Castle is located in the middle of a wonderful lake, which hosts the National History Museum. The castle was built in the 17th century and has hosted the museum on its site since 1878. Visitors can wander the arcades of the castle while viewing a wide range of artworks.